July 19 2023

World famous eight engine structures

Source | Network

An engine is a machine that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy, including internal combustion engines (gasoline engines, etc.), external combustion engines (Stirling engines, steam engines, etc.), electric motors, and etc. Below we show eight world-famous main engines and understand their principles simply and intuitively through animation!

1. Horizontally opposed engine

In a horizontally mounted engine, engine pistons are evenly distributed on both sides of crankshaft and move left and right in a horizontal direction. The overall height of engine is reduced, length is shortened, center of gravity of vehicle is lowered, and vehicle runs more smoothly. The engine is installed on center line of vehicle, and torques generated by pistons on both sides cancel each other out, greatly reducing vibration of vehicle during driving, motor speed is greatly increased and noise is reduced.

For example, Porsche, in addition to Cayenne (Cayenne), Panamera (Panamera), uses this particular engine.

Second built-in engine

Inline engine, all of its cylinders are arranged side by side in a plane, its cylinder block and crankshaft are simple in structure and use a cylinder head, manufacturing cost is low, stability is high, low torque speed characteristic is good, and fuel consumption is low, compact size, wide application. Its disadvantage is less power.

"Inline" can be represented by letter L followed by number of cylinders - this is engine code, modern cars mainly use L3, L4, L5, L6 engines.

Three, V-twin engine

The V-type engine is to divide all cylinders into two groups and place adjacent cylinders together at a certain angle, so that two groups of cylinders form a plane with an angle and cylinders are V-shaped. when viewed from side. The height and length of V-engine is small, and it is more convenient to place it on machine. It contributes to increase in displacement and power by increasing cylinder diameter and is suitable for more cylinders.

Many domestic mid-range and high-end models now use 6-cylinder V-twin engines such as Regal, Passat and Audi A6.

Fourth, quasi-engine

The Quasi-engine is an advanced engine based on a rotary engine. Unlike conventional three-blade rotary engine, quasi-engine uses a four-piece chain rotor, making it have four strokes given four strokes. , Advantages of motors and rotary motors. This is a new type of motor with small size, high power, low speed and high torque, which can use a variety of new energy sources.

The quasi-engine has not yet found practical application, so its suitability as a replacement for a piston engine (or rotary machine) could not be tested. It is still in prototype stage and closest people saw it at 2004 Mini-Competition Auto Show.

Five, rotary engine

The internal space (or trochoidal chamber) of rotary engine housing is always divided into three working chambers. When rotor moves, volumes of three working chambers are constantly changing, and four processes of air intake, compression, combustion and exhaust are sequentially performed in cycloidal cylinder. Each process takes place in a different location in cycloidal block than in reciprocating engines.

Because rotary engine is very different from traditional engine from production and assembly to maintenance and repair, development cost is high. In addition, piston engines have greatly improved in terms of power, weight, emissions, and energy consumption compared to past. In addition, large automobile companies have matured in piston engine technology research, but are not familiar with rotary engine technology. The engine has no obvious advantages, so big car companies are not interested in developing and using it, only Mazda.

Six, eco-friendly engine

Green engines are efficient, economical and easy-to-assemble drive units for stationary and marine applications. It converts excess heat energy into water vapor, which powers Grimm steam engine. Green's steam engine is light and compact in design, it converts reciprocating motion of traditional machine into rotational motion, which greatly simplifies reciprocating machine.

Operate a boat, generator, air pumps, water pumps, blowers, water distillers, heat pumps, air conditioners, model airplanes, etc. Any engine that uses fuel to generate excess heat can be powered by some excess heat energy is converted into water vapor, which then powers Green's steam engine. Because this Grimm steam engine is light and compact, it can be used in many places.

Seven, Stirling engine

The Stirling engine generates power through a cycle of cooling, compression, heat absorption and expansion of working fluid (hydrogen or helium) in cylinder, which is why it is also called a heat engine.

An important area of ​​application for Stirling engine is energy conversion device for generating solar thermal energy.

Eight, star engine

A radial engine is an internal combustion piston engine with cylinders arranged around a crankshaft. The pistons are connected to crankshaft through main connecting rod. The connecting rod connected to top piston is main connecting rod. are called articulated connecting rods, and they are connected in main connecting rod through pin holes. The main application in aircraft! Prior to advent of jet engines, piston aircraft engines mainly used star-shaped design, which was widely used by carrier-based aircraft due to short crankshaft and high survivability on battlefield, as well as compact design and small space occupied by aircraft. ; rest of engines used a V-shaped scheme. Some modern light aircraft use inline or boxer engines.