July 08 2023

Various engine circuit diagrams, single-cylinder, two-cylinder, three-cylinder, four-cylinder and different cylinders for different purposes

1. Single cylinder engine

The single-cylinder engine is simplest of all engines. It has only one cylinder, which is basic form of engine.

When a single-cylinder engine is running, mixture in cylinder ignites and burns once every time crankshaft rotates one revolution (two strokes) or two revolutions (four strokes). Continuously, exhaust also makes an intermittent "choo" sound.

In terms of running continuity, single-cylinder engine runs unevenly, fluctuates greatly in speed, and is easy to stall. However, its structure is simple, its manufacturing cost is relatively low, and its maintenance is not difficult, so it is best choice for medium and low-end small motorcycle engines.

2. Two-cylinder engine

Two-cylinder engine refers to a two-cylinder engine that consists of two identical single cylinders located on same housing and sharing power output of crankshaft.

▲Two-cylinder boxer engine

The two-cylinder engine is not only suitable for power generating devices, but also applies to whole machine, including power devices such as gasoline engines and aircraft engines.

▲Two-cylinder motorcycle engine

Two-cylinder engines are mainly used in engines of cars, motorcycles and other low-powered vehicles.

3. Three-cylinder engine

A three-cylinder engine is a three-cylinder engine that typically has a relatively small displacement. To meet need for power, these compact models are usually equipped with turbocharged three-cylinder models.

The fuel consumption of a three-cylinder engine will be better, but sound of engine is not as pleasant. It is small in size, light in weight and inexpensive, but vibrates a little.

4, four-cylinder engine

A four-cylinder engine, also known as a four-cylinder engine, is mainly composed of a cylinder block, a crankcase, a cylinder head and a cylinder gasket.

The basic principle of a four-cylinder engine is to convert thermal energy of gasoline (diesel) into mechanical energy by expanding products of combustion in a sealed cylinder to push the piston to do work.

▲The process of a four-stroke engine

▲Built-in motor

Inline engine: all cylinders are side by side in a plane, its cylinder block and crankshaft are simple in structure, and use cylinder head, manufacturing cost is low, stability is high, and low-speed torque is good performance, low fuel consumption, compact size, wide application. Its disadvantage is less power.

▲V-engine

V-twin engine: adjacent cylinders are angled so that two groups of cylinders form a plane with an angle, and cylinders are V-shaped when viewed from side. The height and length of V-engine is small, and it is more convenient to place it on machine. It contributes to increase in displacement and power by increasing cylinder diameter and is suitable for more cylinders. At present, many mid-range and high-end domestic models use 6-cylinder V-type engines, such as Regal, Passat and Audi A6.

▲horizontally opposed engine

Horizontal Opposite: Engine pistons are evenly distributed on both sides of crankshaft and move left and right in a horizontal direction.

Horizontal opposition reduces overall height and length of engine, lowers vehicle's center of gravity, and provides a smoother ride for vehicle. The engine is mounted on centerline of vehicle, and torques generated by the pistons on both sides cancel each other out, greatly reducing vehicle speed .Vibration while driving, engine speed are greatly improved, and noise is reduced.

5. Star Engine

A radial engine is a piston engine where cylinders are star-shaped around crankshaft and number of cylinders is mostly odd.

Before advent of jet engines, piston aircraft engines were mainly of star-shaped design, which was widely used by carrier-based aircraft due to short crankshaft and high survivability on battlefield, as well as due to compact design and small space occupied by engine. airplane.

6. Rotary engine

A rotary engine uses expansion pressure created by combustion of mixture to generate rotational force. The expansion pressure of a rotary motor acts on side of rotor, thereby pushing one of three sides of triangular rotor. to center of eccentric shaft. This movement is carried out by force of two components, one of which is a centripetal force directed towards center of output shaft, and other is a tangential force that causes output shaft to rotate.

The rotary motor cancels useless rectilinear motion, so rotary motor with same power is smaller in size, lighter in weight, and has lower vibration and noise, which has great advantages.

7. Quasi-engine

The Quasi-engine is an advanced engine based on a rotary engine. Unlike conventional three-blade rotary engine, quasi-engine uses a four-piece chain rotor, making it have four strokes given four strokes. , Advantages of motors and rotary motors. This is a new type of motor with small size, high power, low speed and high torque, which can use a variety of new energy sources.

8. Stirling engine

The Stirling engine generates energy by expanding gas when it is heated and compressing when it cools. It is an external combustion engine that continuously burns fuel, vaporized expanded hydrogen (or helium) is used as power gas to move piston, and expanded gas is cooled in a cold air chamber, and this cycle process is repeated.

(A round map has been added here, go to Toutiao client to view it)